Which type of medication is commonly used for the management of hypertension in pregnancy?

Methyldopa is commonly used for the management of hypertension in pregnancy due to its effectiveness and safety profile. It is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that works by reducing sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system, leading to decreased blood pressure. This medication has a long history of use in pregnant women, and there is substantial evidence to support its safety during pregnancy, making it a preferred choice.

In contrast, other classes of antihypertensive agents have limitations in the context of pregnancy. For example, beta-blockers may be used but are not typically first-line due to concerns about fetal growth restriction and potential effects on fetal heart rate. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated during pregnancy because they can lead to significant adverse effects on fetal development, including renal dysgenesis and oligohydramnios. Similarly, while some calcium channel blockers may be accepted in pregnancy, they are less commonly recommended as compared to methyldopa.

Thus, methyldopa stands out as the most appropriate option for treating hypertension in pregnant patients.