What is the primary use of metformin in pharmacotherapy?

Metformin is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing hepatic glucose production, and enhancing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. This mechanism helps to lower blood glucose levels, making it an essential medication for individuals with type 2 diabetes, who often have insulin resistance.

Type 1 diabetes, in contrast, is primarily managed with insulin therapy, as the body is unable to produce insulin. Therefore, metformin is not suitable for type 1 diabetes management. Likewise, while hypertension and chronic pain are important health concerns, metformin does not directly address these conditions. Its specific action in lowering blood sugar makes it the first-line oral medication in treating type 2 diabetes, highlighting its focused therapeutic role in this particular condition.