What is the primary treatment for hyperlipidemia?

The primary treatment for hyperlipidemia is statins. Statins work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a crucial role in the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. By reducing cholesterol production, statins effectively lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in the blood, which is a key factor in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes.

Additionally, statins have been shown to have beneficial effects beyond lipid lowering, including improving endothelial function and having anti-inflammatory properties. This makes them a vital component of management strategies for patients with elevated cholesterol levels and those at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Other treatments, such as fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin, may also play roles in managing specific lipid profiles or addressing particular types of dyslipidemia, but statins are generally regarded as the first line and most effective treatment for hyperlipidemia due to their proven efficacy and safety profile in long-term studies.