What is a known side effect of acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)?

Acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as Aspirin, is well-known for its antiplatelet effects, which significantly increase the risk of bleeding. This is because Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzymes, reducing the formation of thromboxane A2, a compound that promotes platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. Consequently, lower levels of thromboxane A2 lead to reduced platelet function and an increased likelihood of bleeding, especially in patients who might already be at risk or those taking other anticoagulant therapies.

In contrast, while Aspirin is effective in reducing the risk of thrombotic events and is used for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease, it does not directly prevent the disease itself. Additionally, Aspirin does not promote increased clotting or lower blood pressure; its primary functions in a pharmacological context revolve around pain relief (analgesic), anti-inflammatory effects, and its role as a blood thinner. Therefore, the side effect of increased risk of bleeding is directly tied to its mechanism of action and is a crucial consideration in clinical use.