Celecoxib (Celebrex) is an example of what type of medication?

Celecoxib, known by its brand name Celebrex, is classified as a selective NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug). This differentiation is significant in pharmacology, as selective NSAIDs specifically inhibit the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, which plays a major role in the inflammatory process. By selectively blocking COX-2, celecoxib reduces inflammation and pain without significantly affecting the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme, which is involved in the synthesis of protective gastric mucosa, platelet function, and kidney function.

The selective inhibition of COX-2 is essential because it allows for effective management of pain and inflammation while minimizing common side effects associated with non-selective NSAIDs, such as gastrointestinal irritation and increased risk of bleeding. Thus, celecoxib is preferred for patients who may be at higher risk for these adverse effects while still needing anti-inflammatory treatment.

In contrast, non-selective NSAIDs inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 and do not have the same degree of gastrointestinal safety profile. Opioid analgesics, which are managed differently regarding pain management and have a risk for dependency, and antipyretics, which are used to